{"id":48137,"date":"2025-12-24T15:58:38","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T13:58:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/goit.global\/?post_type=articles&#038;p=48137"},"modified":"2026-02-01T15:59:54","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T13:59:54","slug":"en-cok-sorulan-yazilim-mulakat-sorulari-kapsamli-hazirlik-rehberi","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/articles\/en-cok-sorulan-yazilim-mulakat-sorulari-kapsamli-hazirlik-rehberi\/","title":{"rendered":"En \u00c7ok Sorulan Yaz\u0131l\u0131m M\u00fclakat Sorular\u0131: Kapsaml\u0131 Haz\u0131rl\u0131k Rehberi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yaz\u0131l\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde i\u015f bulmak isteyenlerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engel genellikle teknik m\u00fclakatlar olur. \u0130ster yeni mezun olun ister deneyimli bir geli\u015ftirici, m\u00fclakat s\u00fcrecine haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z girmek ciddi hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. Ancak g\u00fczel haber \u015fu ki, yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fclakatlar\u0131nda sorulan sorular\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu belirli kal\u0131plar i\u00e7inde tekrar eder. Bu sorular\u0131 \u00f6nceden bilmek ve sistematik bir \u015fekilde pratik yapmak, ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teknoloji devlerinden startup&#8217;lara kadar pek \u00e7ok \u015firket, benzer m\u00fclakat formatlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Google, Amazon, Meta gibi \u015firketlerin m\u00fclakat s\u00fcre\u00e7leri y\u0131llard\u0131r incelenmi\u015f ve bu \u015firketlerde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan adaylar\u0131n deneyimleri geni\u015f \u00e7apta payla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bilgi birikimi sayesinde, hangi konulara odaklanman\u0131z gerekti\u011fini net olarak biliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu rehberde, yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fchendisli\u011fi m\u00fclakatlar\u0131nda en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorular\u0131 kategorilere ay\u0131rarak inceleyece\u011fiz. Algoritma sorular\u0131ndan davran\u0131\u015fsal m\u00fclakat tekniklerine, veri yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan sistem tasar\u0131m\u0131na kadar geni\u015f bir yelpazede haz\u0131rlanman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak pratik bilgiler sunaca\u011f\u0131z. Her kategori i\u00e7in \u00f6rnek sorular, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ve m\u00fclakat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n nelere dikkat etti\u011fini detayl\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00f6\u011freneceksiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Yaz\u0131l\u0131m M\u00fclakat\u0131 T\u00fcrleri ve Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Modern yaz\u0131l\u0131m \u015firketlerinde m\u00fclakat s\u00fcreci genellikle birden fazla a\u015famadan olu\u015fur. Her a\u015faman\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc beklentileri vard\u0131r ve farkl\u0131 yetkinlikleri \u00f6l\u00e7er. Bu s\u00fcreci anlamak, haz\u0131rl\u0131k stratejinizi do\u011fru \u015fekillendirmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. S\u00fcrecin her ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bilerek, enerjinizi do\u011fru alanlara y\u00f6nlendirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Genel M\u00fclakat S\u00fcreci<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tipik bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fclakat\u0131 \u015fu a\u015famalardan olu\u015fur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00d6n G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme:<\/strong> Genellikle telefon veya video konferans \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede genel bilgileriniz, motivasyonunuz ve kariyer hedefleriniz de\u011ferlendirilir. \u0130nsan kaynaklar\u0131 temsilcisi ile yap\u0131lan bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme genellikle 15-30 dakika s\u00fcrer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Teknik M\u00fclakat:<\/strong> Algoritma ve <a href=\"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/articles\/kodlama-nedir-nasil-ogrenilir\/\">kodlama<\/a> sorular\u0131n\u0131n soruldu\u011fu, genellikle 60-90 dakika s\u00fcren yo\u011fun bir oturumdur. Bu a\u015famada canl\u0131 kodlama yapman\u0131z veya beyaz tahta \u00fczerinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm geli\u015ftirmeniz istenebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sistem Tasar\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> \u00d6zellikle orta ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey pozisyonlar i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir sistem tasarlama becerileriniz test edilir. Milyonlarca kullan\u0131c\u0131ya hizmet verecek bir sistem nas\u0131l tasarlan\u0131r sorusuna cevap vermeniz beklenir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Davran\u0131\u015fsal M\u00fclakat:<\/strong> Ger\u00e7ek i\u015f senaryolar\u0131nda nas\u0131l davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 anlamaya y\u00f6nelik sorular sorulur. Tak\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma y\u00f6netimi ve liderlik becerileri bu a\u015famada de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>De\u011ferlendirilen Kriterler<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00fclakat\u00e7\u0131lar sadece do\u011fru cevab\u0131 de\u011fil, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme nas\u0131l ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 da de\u011ferlendirir. Asl\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok m\u00fclakatta, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce s\u00fcreciniz sonu\u00e7tan daha \u00f6nemli kabul edilir. \u0130\u015fte dikkat edilen temel kriterler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Teknik yetkinlik ve algoritma bilgisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Problem \u00e7\u00f6zme yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve analitik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme kapasitesi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Temiz, okunakl\u0131 ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kod yazabilme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini a\u00e7\u0131k ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r \u015fekilde ifade edebilme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zaman y\u00f6netimi ve bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Geri bildirime a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k ve s\u00fcrekli \u00f6\u011frenme iste\u011fi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Temel ve Yayg\u0131n Teknik Sorular<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neredeyse her yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fclakat\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z baz\u0131 temel sorular vard\u0131r. Bu sorular, nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlama kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirme prensiplerini ne kadar iyi anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7er. Teorik bilginizi pratik \u00f6rneklerle destekleyebildi\u011finizde m\u00fclakat\u00e7\u0131lar \u00fczerinde olumlu bir izlenim b\u0131rak\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130\u015fte en s\u0131k sorulan sorular ve nas\u0131l cevaplaman\u0131z gerekti\u011fine dair ipu\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>OOP Nedir? Temel Prensipleri A\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Programlama (Object-Oriented Programming), yaz\u0131l\u0131m tasar\u0131m\u0131nda nesneler ve s\u0131n\u0131flar kavram\u0131na dayanan bir paradigmad\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kod i\u00e7inde modellemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve modern yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmenin temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir. Bu soruyu cevaplarken d\u00f6rt temel prensibi mutlaka a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kaps\u00fclleme (Encapsulation):<\/strong> Veriler ve bu verileri i\u015fleyen metotlar bir s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7inde bir arada tutulur. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015fim kontroll\u00fc olarak sa\u011flan\u0131r ve bu sayede veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc korunur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kal\u0131t\u0131m (Inheritance):<\/strong> Bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka bir s\u0131n\u0131fa aktarma mekanizmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kod tekrar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler ve hiyerar\u015fik yap\u0131lar olu\u015fturmay\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00c7ok Bi\u00e7imlilik (Polymorphism):<\/strong> Ayn\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fcn farkl\u0131 veri tipleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilmesidir. Bir metot farkl\u0131 nesneler \u00fczerinde farkl\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar sergileyebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Soyutlama (Abstraction):<\/strong> Karma\u015f\u0131k sistemlerin basitle\u015ftirilmi\u015f modellerini olu\u015fturma y\u00f6ntemidir. Gereksiz detaylar\u0131 gizleyerek \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklere odaklanmay\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0130pucu: Bu prensipleri a\u00e7\u0131klarken mutlaka somut \u00f6rnekler verin. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir &#8220;Hayvan&#8221; s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan t\u00fcreyen &#8220;K\u00f6pek&#8221; ve &#8220;Kedi&#8221; alt s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 kal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir \u00f6rnektir. Her ikisi de &#8220;sesCikar()&#8221; metoduna sahip olabilir, ancak farkl\u0131 sesler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r ve bu da polimorfizme g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>SOLID Prensipleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SOLID, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ve \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan be\u015f temel prensipten olu\u015fur. Bu prensipleri bilmek, \u00f6zellikle kurumsal projelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak adaylar i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. SOLID prensiplerini uygulayan kodlar daha kolay test edilir, geni\u015fletilir ve bak\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tek Sorumluluk (Single Responsibility):<\/strong> Her s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bir sorumlulu\u011fu olmal\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015fmesi i\u00e7in tek bir nedeni bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A\u00e7\u0131k\/Kapal\u0131 (Open\/Closed):<\/strong> S\u0131n\u0131flar geni\u015flemeye a\u00e7\u0131k ancak de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe kapal\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yeni \u00f6zellikler mevcut kodu de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden eklenebilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Liskov \u0130kamesi (Liskov Substitution):<\/strong> Alt s\u0131n\u0131flar, \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n yerine sorunsuz kullan\u0131labilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aray\u00fcz Ayr\u0131m\u0131 (Interface Segregation):<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck ve genel aray\u00fczler yerine k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve spesifik aray\u00fczler tercih edilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k Tersine \u00c7evirme (Dependency Inversion):<\/strong> \u00dcst seviye mod\u00fcller, alt seviye mod\u00fcllere de\u011fil soyutlamalara ba\u011fl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Veri Yap\u0131lar\u0131 Sorular\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Veri yap\u0131lar\u0131, her yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fclakat\u0131n\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez konular\u0131ndan biridir. Verilerin bellekte nas\u0131l organize edildi\u011fini ve hangi durumlarda hangi yap\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini bilmek, etkili algoritmalar yazman\u0131n temelidir. Do\u011fru veri yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7mek, bir problemin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc saniyelerden milisaniyelere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Array ve Linked List Aras\u0131ndaki Fark<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu iki temel veri yap\u0131s\u0131 farkl\u0131 senaryolar i\u00e7in optimize edilmi\u015ftir. Hangisini se\u00e7ece\u011finiz, uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Array:<\/strong> Bellekte ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k olarak saklan\u0131r ve indeks ile O(1) eri\u015fim sa\u011flar. Ancak boyutu sabittir, ekleme ve silme i\u015flemleri O(n) karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. S\u0131k eri\u015fim gerektiren senaryolar i\u00e7in idealdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Linked List:<\/strong> D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmler i\u015faret\u00e7ilerle ba\u011flan\u0131r ve dinamik boyuta sahiptir. Ba\u015fa veya sona ekleme ve silme O(1) olabilir, ancak rastgele eri\u015fim O(n) karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. S\u0131k ekleme ve silme gerektiren senaryolar i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Stack ve Queue<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu iki yap\u0131, verilerin eklenme ve \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma s\u0131ras\u0131na g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir ve pek \u00e7ok ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya uygulamas\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Stack (LIFO):<\/strong> Son giren ilk \u00e7\u0131kar prensibiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n geri butonu, fonksiyon \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve geri alma i\u015flemleri stack kullan\u0131r. Push ve pop i\u015flemleri O(1) karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Queue (FIFO):<\/strong> \u0130lk giren ilk \u00e7\u0131kar prensibiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Yaz\u0131c\u0131 kuyru\u011fu, mesaj sistemleri ve g\u00f6rev zamanlay\u0131c\u0131lar queue kullan\u0131r. Enqueue ve dequeue i\u015flemleri O(1) karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hash Table ve Collision \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hash Table, anahtar-de\u011fer \u00e7iftlerini saklayan ve ortalama O(1) eri\u015fim s\u00fcresi sunan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir veri yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Veritaban\u0131 indeksleme, \u00f6nbellekleme ve benzersiz eleman takibi gibi pek \u00e7ok alanda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak iki farkl\u0131 anahtar\u0131n ayn\u0131 indekse e\u015flenmesi durumunda collision (\u00e7ak\u0131\u015fma) meydana gelir. Bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in iki yayg\u0131n y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Separate Chaining:<\/strong> Ayn\u0131 indekse d\u00fc\u015fen elemanlar ba\u011fl\u0131 liste olarak saklan\u0131r. Uygulamas\u0131 kolayd\u0131r ve y\u00fck fakt\u00f6r\u00fc y\u00fckselse bile performans d\u00fczg\u00fcn bi\u00e7imde d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Open Addressing:<\/strong> \u00c7ak\u0131\u015fma durumunda bir sonraki bo\u015f alan aran\u0131r. Bellek kullan\u0131m\u0131 daha verimlidir ancak y\u00fck fakt\u00f6r\u00fc artt\u0131k\u00e7a performans h\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015febilir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Algoritma Sorular\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Algoritma sorular\u0131, teknik m\u00fclakatlar\u0131n en zorlu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturur. Ancak \u00e7o\u011fu soru belirli kal\u0131plar i\u00e7erir ve bu kal\u0131plar\u0131 tan\u0131mak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcrecini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r. <a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LeetCode<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hackerrank.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HackerRank<\/a> gibi platformlarda d\u00fczenli pratik yaparak bu kal\u0131plar\u0131 i\u00e7selle\u015ftirebilirsiniz. \u0130\u015fte en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorulardan baz\u0131lar\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Two Sum Problemi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu, LeetCode&#8217;da en \u00e7ok \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclen sorulardan biridir ve neredeyse her m\u00fclakatta kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Verilen bir dizide, toplamlar\u0131 belirli bir hedef de\u011fere e\u015fit olan iki say\u0131n\u0131n indekslerini bulman\u0131z istenir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, [2, 7, 11, 15] dizisinde hedef 9 ise, cevap [0, 1] olmal\u0131d\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc 2 + 7 = 9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> Naive yakla\u015f\u0131m iki i\u00e7 i\u00e7e d\u00f6ng\u00fc kullan\u0131r ve bu nedenle O(n\u00b2) karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak HashMap kullanarak bu problemi O(n) s\u00fcrede \u00e7\u00f6zebilirsiniz. Her eleman\u0131 gezerken, hedef de\u011ferden o eleman\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda kalan de\u011ferin daha \u00f6nce g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fini HashMap&#8217;te kontrol edersiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>S\u0131ral\u0131 Dizileri Birle\u015ftirme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130ki s\u0131ral\u0131 diziyi tek bir s\u0131ral\u0131 dizi olarak birle\u015ftirmeniz istenir. Two-pointer tekni\u011fi kullan\u0131larak O(n + m) s\u00fcrede \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. Her iki dizinin ba\u015f\u0131ndan birer i\u015faret\u00e7i ile ba\u015flay\u0131p, hangisinin eleman\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse onu sonu\u00e7 dizisine eklersiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Palindrome Kontrol\u00fc<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir string&#8217;in ba\u015ftan ve sondan okundu\u011funda ayn\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmeniz istenir. &#8220;racecar&#8221; palindromdur, &#8220;hello&#8221; de\u011fildir. Two-pointer tekni\u011fi ile ba\u015ftan ve sondan ayn\u0131 anda ilerleyerek O(n) s\u00fcrede ve O(1) ek bellek ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>JavaScript\u2019e \u00d6zg\u00fc Sorular<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Frontend ve Full Stack pozisyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/articles\/javaccript-nedir-nasil-ogrenilir-web-gelistirmenin-vazgecilmez-dili\/\">JavaScript<\/a>&#8216;e \u00f6zg\u00fc kavramlar\u0131 bilmek kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Bu sorular, dilin inceliklerini ne kadar iyi anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ortaya koyar. JavaScript&#8217;in asenkron do\u011fas\u0131 ve kendine has \u00f6zellikleri onu di\u011fer dillerden ay\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Closure Kavram\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Closure, bir fonksiyonun tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortamdaki de\u011fi\u015fkenlere eri\u015fimini korumas\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, i\u00e7 fonksiyon d\u0131\u015f fonksiyonun de\u011fi\u015fkenlerine eri\u015febilir ve bu eri\u015fim d\u0131\u015f fonksiyon tamamland\u0131ktan sonra bile devam eder. Bu kavram, state y\u00f6netimi, veri gizleme ve mod\u00fcl deseni i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Counter fonksiyonlar\u0131 ve event handler&#8217;lar closure&#8217;\u0131n yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m \u00f6rnekleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Promise ve Async\/Await<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/articles\/asenkron-programlama-nedir-javascript-te-async-await-kullanimi\/\">Asenkron programlama<\/a> JavaScript&#8217;in temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir. Promise, gelecekte tamamlanacak bir i\u015flemi temsil eder ve \u00fc\u00e7 durumda olabilir: pending (beklemede), resolved (ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131) veya rejected (ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z). Async\/Await ise ES2017 ile gelen ve Promise&#8217;leri daha okunabilir bir s\u00f6zdizimi ile yazmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan yap\u0131d\u0131r. try-catch bloklar\u0131 ile hata y\u00f6netimi \u00e7ok daha temiz hale gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>this Anahtar Kelimesi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">JavaScript&#8217;te &#8220;this&#8221; anahtar kelimesi, fonksiyonun nas\u0131l \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 de\u011ferlere sahip olabilir. Global ba\u011flamda window nesnesine, bir metodda \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilgili nesneye, arrow fonksiyonlarda ise \u00fcst kapsam\u0131n this de\u011ferine i\u015faret eder. Bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 anlamak, pek \u00e7ok hata kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sistem Tasar\u0131m\u0131 Sorular\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Orta ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey pozisyonlar i\u00e7in sistem tasar\u0131m\u0131 sorular\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. Bu sorular, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli sistemleri nas\u0131l tasarlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirece\u011finizi anlaman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7er. Milyonlarca kullan\u0131c\u0131ya hizmet verecek, y\u00fcksek eri\u015filebilirlik ve performans sunan sistemler tasarlamak, deneyimli m\u00fchendislerin temel becerilerinden biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>URL K\u0131saltma Servisi Tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu klasik soru, temel sistem tasar\u0131m\u0131 bile\u015fenlerini anlaman\u0131z\u0131 test eder. Bit.ly benzeri bir servis nas\u0131l tasarlan\u0131r sorusuna kapsaml\u0131 bir cevap vermeniz beklenir. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fczde \u015fu bile\u015fenleri ele almal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hash fonksiyonu ile benzersiz k\u0131sa kod olu\u015fturma (Base62 encoding)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>URL e\u015fle\u015ftirmelerini saklayacak veritaban\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131 ve se\u00e7imi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u0131k eri\u015filen URL&#8217;ler i\u00e7in cache mekanizmas\u0131 (Redis veya Memcached)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Y\u00fcksek trafik i\u00e7in load balancer ve yatay \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirme stratejisi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Davran\u0131\u015fsal M\u00fclakat Sorular\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teknik beceriler kadar \u00f6nemli olan bir di\u011fer alan da ileti\u015fim ve tak\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yetenekleridir. \u015eirketler sadece kod yazabilen de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ekiple uyumlu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilen, zorluklarla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kabilen ve kendini geli\u015ftirebilen adaylar arar. Davran\u0131\u015fsal sorularda STAR y\u00f6ntemini kullanarak cevap vermek etkili bir stratejidir: Situation (Durum), Task (G\u00f6rev), Action (Aksiyon), Result (Sonu\u00e7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En s\u0131k sorulan davran\u0131\u015fsal sorular \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8220;Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z en zor teknik sorunu nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcn\u00fcz?&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;Tak\u0131mda farkl\u0131 fikirlerle nas\u0131l ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131n\u0131z?&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;Bir projenin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir durumu ve bundan ne \u00f6\u011frendi\u011finizi anlat\u0131n.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;S\u0131k\u0131 bir zaman bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 anlat\u0131n.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>M\u00fclakata Haz\u0131rl\u0131k \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131 ve Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Etkili bir haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcreci, rastgele \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine sistematik bir yakla\u015f\u0131m gerektirir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki stratejiler, haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcrecinizi optimize etmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>LeetCode ve HackerRank:<\/strong> Her g\u00fcn en az bir veya iki soru \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn. Kolay sorulardan ba\u015flay\u0131p kademeli olarak zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Ayn\u0131 soruyu farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00e7\u00f6zmeyi deneyin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mock M\u00fclakatlar:<\/strong> Bir arkada\u015f veya mentor ile ger\u00e7ek m\u00fclakat sim\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 yap\u0131n. Bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme prati\u011fi kazan\u0131n. Pramp gibi platformlar da bu ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u015eirket Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131:<\/strong> Ba\u015fvurdu\u011funuz \u015firketin teknoloji y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 ve m\u00fclakat s\u00fcrecini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Glassdoor ve Blind gibi platformlarda m\u00fclakat deneyimleri payla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Haz\u0131rl\u0131k S\u00fcresi:<\/strong> Junior pozisyonlar i\u00e7in 2-4 hafta, orta d\u00fczey pozisyonlar i\u00e7in 4-8 hafta planlay\u0131n. \u00dcst d\u00fczey pozisyonlar i\u00e7in sistem tasar\u0131m\u0131na ekstra zaman ay\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Kapsaml\u0131 E\u011fitim ile Fark Yarat\u0131n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00fclakatlara haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken sa\u011flam bir temel olu\u015fturmak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Kendi kendinize \u00f6\u011frenirken g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rabilece\u011finiz pek \u00e7ok konu, yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir e\u011fitim program\u0131nda sistematik olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r. GoIT&#8217;in <a href=\"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/courses\/fullstack\/\">Full Stack Developer kursu<\/a>, tam da bu ihtiyaca y\u00f6nelik kapsaml\u0131 bir e\u011fitim sunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dokuz ayl\u0131k bu programda algoritma ve veri yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan JavaScript&#8217;in derinliklerine, RESTful API tasar\u0131m\u0131ndan temiz kod prensiplerine kadar m\u00fclakatlar i\u00e7in gerekli t\u00fcm konular ele al\u0131n\u0131yor. Kurs m\u00fcfredat\u0131, sekt\u00f6r beklentileri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak s\u00fcrekli g\u00fcncelleniyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kurs s\u00fcresince tamamlanan 5-7 ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya projesi, mezunlar\u0131n m\u00fclakatlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda somut deneyimlerden bahsedebilmelerini sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Portf\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fczde g\u00f6sterebilece\u011finiz projeler, teorik bilginizi pratikte kan\u0131tlaman\u0131n en etkili yoludur. GoIT mezunlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 85&#8217;inin kurs bitiminden sonraki \u00fc\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde i\u015f bulmas\u0131, bu e\u011fitimin sekt\u00f6r beklentileriyle ne kadar uyumlu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>M\u00fclakat G\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6nemli Hat\u0131rlatmalar<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcm haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan m\u00fclakat g\u00fcn\u00fcnde performans\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 etkileyen baz\u0131 kritik noktalar vard\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle, kendinizi tan\u0131t\u0131rken k\u0131sa ve \u00f6z bir elevator pitch haz\u0131rlay\u0131n. Kim oldu\u011funuzu, ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve neden bu pozisyonla ilgilendi\u011finizi 30 saniyede aktarabilmelisiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Soruyu tam anlamadan \u00e7\u00f6zmeye ba\u015flamay\u0131n. Gerekirse a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 sorular sorun ve edge case&#8217;leri netle\u015ftirin. M\u00fclakat\u00e7\u0131lar soruyu netle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in soru sorman\u0131z\u0131 olumlu kar\u015f\u0131lar; bu, ger\u00e7ek i\u015f hayat\u0131nda da \u00f6nemli bir beceridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcrecinde sesli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. M\u00fclakat\u00e7\u0131lar sadece sonuca de\u011fil, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce s\u00fcrecinize de bakar. Hangi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirdi\u011finizi, neden birini di\u011ferine tercih etti\u011finizi a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zaman y\u00f6netimine dikkat edin; m\u00fckemmel \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken zaman\u0131n t\u00fckenmesine izin vermeyin. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmle ba\u015flay\u0131p sonra optimize etmek daha iyi bir stratejidir. Son olarak, m\u00fclakat\u0131n sonunda \u015firket ve rol hakk\u0131nda sorular sormay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n. Bu, pozisyona olan ilginizi g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fclakatlar\u0131 ilk bak\u0131\u015fta g\u00f6z korkutucu g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir, ancak sistematik haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve d\u00fczenli pratikle bu engel a\u015f\u0131labilir hale gelir. Algoritma ve veri yap\u0131lar\u0131na hakim olmak, kodunuzu a\u00e7\u0131klayabilmek ve ileti\u015fim becerilerinizi geli\u015ftirmek ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n anahtar\u0131d\u0131r. Her teknik kavram\u0131 sadece bilmek de\u011fil, a\u00e7\u0131klayabilmek de ayn\u0131 derecede \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unutmay\u0131n ki her m\u00fclakat bir \u00f6\u011frenme deneyimidir. Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olsan\u0131z bile ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z geri bildirimler sizi bir sonraki m\u00fclakata daha haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 k\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Reddedilmekten korkmay\u0131n; en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar bile say\u0131s\u0131z ret ald\u0131ktan sonra bug\u00fcn bulunduklar\u0131 yere geldi. Erken ba\u015flay\u0131n, d\u00fczenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve kendinize g\u00fcvenin. Hayalinizdeki yaz\u0131l\u0131m pozisyonu sand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan daha yak\u0131n olabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fclakatlar\u0131nda en s\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kan sorular\u0131, algoritma ve sistem tasar\u0131m\u0131 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin. GoIT Turkey ile m\u00fclakatlara haz\u0131r olun, \u015fimdi ba\u015flay\u0131n!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":48138,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[13004],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48137","articles","type-articles","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kariyer-ve-soft-skills"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles\/48137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/articles"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48138"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goit.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}